Damage英 [?d?m?d?] 美 [?d?m?d?]

來源于拉丁語動詞damnare，表示“損失,傷害”

單詞釋義(普通英語)

1.to damage an object means to break it, spoil it physically, or stop it from working properly vt.破壞; 損壞

2.physical harm that is caused to an object. n. 破壞;毀壞

詞組搭配

cause damage to... 給..造成損壞

brain damage 腦損傷

permanent damage 永久損傷

近義詞辨析

破壞、毀壞：break, destroy, ruin, damage

(1)break用法和范圍較廣，多指某物因被打破而受到損壞，如：

He fell through the window, breaking the glass.

他打破玻璃，從窗口摔了出去。

(2)destroy多指徹底的、毀滅性的破壞，含導(dǎo)致無用，不能或很難再修復(fù)的意味，如：

The town was destroyed by the earthquake.

這個(gè)小鎮(zhèn)被地震毀了。

(3)ruin 多指因外部原因而受到嚴(yán)重破壞或毀滅，側(cè)重破壞的徹底性，也有引申意義，如：

Huge modern hotels have ruined this once unspoilt coastline.

龐然大物般的現(xiàn)代旅館已經(jīng)完全毀掉了這片曾經(jīng)如世外桃源般的海岸。

Her injury ruined her chances of winning the race.

她受了傷，毀掉了贏得比賽的機(jī)會。

(4)damage多指對無生命物體的損害，造成降低價(jià)值、破壞功能等后果，如：

Many buildings were badly damaged during the war.

許多建筑物在戰(zhàn)爭中嚴(yán)重受損。

例句

例1(2015年考研英語閱讀TEXT3)：

Most journals are weak in statistical review, and this damages the quality of what they publish.

大多數(shù)期刊在統(tǒng)計(jì)審查方面都很薄弱，這損害了他們發(fā)表內(nèi)容的質(zhì)量。

例2《英國衛(wèi)報(bào)》：

The displaced groups were expected to be living in the tents for up to eight weeks and authorities won't know until Cyclone Nathan has passed whether damage caused is likely to extend that.

無家可歸的群眾預(yù)計(jì)將在帳篷中生活長達(dá)8周的時(shí)間。在內(nèi)森颶風(fēng)離境前，當(dāng)局無法預(yù)測其造成的影響是否會使群眾滯留帳篷的時(shí)間延長。

單詞釋義(法律英語)

1.Of or relating to monetary compensation for loss or injury to a person or property n. 損害賠償金(注意這項(xiàng)詞義要使用damage的復(fù)數(shù)形式)，即指一方當(dāng)事人因不履行合同義務(wù)而給對方當(dāng)事人造成損失時(shí)，按照規(guī)定所應(yīng)承擔(dān)的損害賠償責(zé)任。

2.Loss or injury to person or property v. / n. 因過失、故意或意外事故而非法侵害他人人身、財(cái)產(chǎn)等合法權(quán)益所形成的損失或傷害。

詞組搭配

claim damages 要求損害賠償

liquidated damages 違約賠償金

punitive damages 懲罰性賠償金

compensatory damages 補(bǔ)償性賠償金

nominal damages 象征性賠償金

例句

例1：

Subject to clauses 10.2 and 10.3 and to such extent as permitted by applicable law, we will not be liable under the contract between us or otherwise for any loss of income, loss of profits, loss of contracts, loss of data or for any indirect or consequential loss or damage of any kind howsoever arising or for any damage caused by any product or failure of such product to perform and whether caused by tort (including negligence), breach of contract or otherwise.

在條款10.2 和10.3 的規(guī)定及在適用法律允許的情況下，對于因任何貨品或該貨品失效(不論是否因侵權(quán)(包括疏忽)、違約或其他因素)而引致的任何收益損失、盈利損失、合約損失、數(shù)據(jù)丟失或由此引致的任何間接或連帶損失或損害，我們將不會承擔(dān)經(jīng)由我們雙方簽訂的合約或其他合約下的責(zé)任。

例2：

The damages are designed to compensate victims for their direct losses.

該賠償金是用來補(bǔ)償受害人的直接損失的。

好了，今天的法律英語詞匯詳解就到這里啦，你學(xué)會damage的用法了嗎?

我們下次學(xué)習(xí)見。